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Table 5 Step response of BBC with PID and PIDN and without PID in buck mode

From: Characterization of analog and digital control loops for bidirectional buck–boost converter using PID/PIDN algorithms

BBC

Peak amplitude in volts

Overshoot

Rise time in seconds

Settling time in seconds

Open loop

0.0%

0.0%

0.0122

0.0217

PID

− 0.894

5.74

0.0000473

0.00237

PIDN

0.605

21.1

0.00201

0.0106