Table 2 Studies were used to address the research question on main action recognition techniques and applications in autonomous transportation
From: A review on action recognition for accident detection in smart city transportation systems
Article | Actions considered | Learning method | Category | RQ1 | RQ2 | RQ3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yao et al. [86] | Vehicle collision Car trajectory | Unsupervised learning | Traffic anomaly detection | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Yu et al. [23] | Vehicle collision Road condition Traffic speed | Deep learning | Accident prediction | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Wang et al. [80] | Traffic flow Traffic speed | Graph neural network | Traffic flow pattern | - | ✓ | ✓ |
Bao et al. [88] | Car trajectory Inconsistent motion | Graph convolution network bayesian neural network | Traffic anomaly detection | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Reddy et al. [26] | Traffic signals Car distance limit Traffic speed | Deep learning | Accident detection | ✓ | ✓ | – |
Fernandez et al. [84] | Driver intention detection Lane maneuver | Deep learning | Traffic anomaly detection | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Ali et al. [22] | Traffic flow | Graph convolution network | Traffic flow pattern | ✓ | ✓ | – |
Wang et al. [21] | Car detection Accident detection | Graph convolution network | Accident detection | ✓ | ✓ | – |
Alkandari et al. [89] | Traffic flow Traffic pattern | Fuzzy logic technique | Accident detection | – | ✓ | – |
Riaz et al. [90] | Traffic speed Car distance Accident detection | Deep learning | Traffic anomaly detection | ✓ | ✓ | – |
Tang et al. [91] | Car trajectory Car position | Probabilistic | Traffic flow pattern | ✓ | – | ✓ |
Huang et al. [25] | Traffic volume Traffic speed | Deep learning | Accident detection | ✓ | – | – |
Bortnikov et al. [92] | Car collision Accident detection | Deep learning | Accident detection | ✓ | – | ✓ |
Gupta et al. [93] | Car collision Accident detection | Deep learning | Accident detection | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Yang et al. [94] | Accident detection | Deep learning | Accident detection | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Ijjina et al. [83] | Traffic speed Traffic trajectory Car distance | Deep learning | Traffic anomaly detection Accident detection | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
You et al. [85] | Car trajectory Vehicle detection | Deep learning | Accident detection | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Srinivasan et al. [24] | Vehicle detection | Deep learning | Accident detection accident classification | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Hui et al. [95] | Vehicle trajectory Traffic speed | Deep learning | Accident detection | ✓ | – | – |
Min et al. [87] | Traffic pattern Traffic trajectory | Probabilistic | Traffic flow pattern | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Vatti et al. [96] | Car collision Lane maneuver | Statistical model | Traffic flow pattern | – | ✓ | – |