Table 3 Comparison of ROMs with proposed IWOA

IWOA

\(\frac{45s + 9.8332}{{0.1s^{2} + 0.035s + 3.712}}\)

9.3080e + 03

WOA

\(\frac{97.99s + 30.08}{{0.4792s^{2} + s + 11.98}}\)

1.6 63e + 04

BAT [33]

\(\frac{72.3394s + 4.88324}{{s^{2} + 5.0995s + 4.5278}}\)

1.7117e + 04

FFA [32]

\(\frac{67.779s + 4.5278}{{s^{2} + 5.0995s + 2.3277}}\)

1.7204e + 04

DE [29]

\(\frac{100s + 100}{{0.4068s^{2} + s + 9.731}}\)

1.3323e + 04

PSO [28]

\(\frac{100s + 42.21}{{0.403s^{2} + s + 20}}\)

1.5409e + 04

C.B. Viswakarma [41]

\(\frac{187s + 12.64}{{s^{2} + 10.88s + 6.087}}\)

1.5660e + 04

Jayantha Pal [6]

\(\frac{{2.938 \times 10^{7} s + 2.075 \times 10^{6} }}{{5.533 \times 10^{4} s^{2} + 1.139 \times 10^{6} s + 9.995 \times 10^{5} }}\)

1.3125e + 04

Y Shamash [37]

\(\frac{0.03787s + 0.017346}{{s^{2} + 0.5462s + 0.03591}}\)

1.8624e + 04

Seshadri et.al [4]

\(\frac{{1.13 \times 10^{6} s + 999500}}{{2.355 \times 10^{7} s^{2} + 3.144s + 2.075 \times 10^{6} }}\)

1.8624e + 04

Routh approximation [1]

\(\frac{81.98s + 5.39}{{s^{2} + 5.684s + 2.596}}\)

1.6959e + 04