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Table 1 Test results of CEC14 test functions

From: An improved whale optimization algorithm for the model order reduction of large-scale systems

S.No

Name of the function

Order of the function

IWOA

WOA

DE

PSO

Fitness value

   

1

High Conditioned Elliptic function

f1(x)

1.4715e−90

3.5101 e −80

3.5632 e−04

1.6684 e−80

2

Bent Cigar Function

f2(x)

1.1345 e−104

4.0897 e−88

3.3893 e−04

1.9313 e−15

3

Discuss function

f3(x)

1.4795 e−93

1.7573 e−73

8.6146 e−13

3.1554 e−22

4

Rosenbrocks Function

f4(x)

1.0812 e−06

1.1866 e−06

3.0034 e−03

1.6720 e−02

5

Ackley's Function

f5(x)

4.4409 e−14

4.4409 e−14

4.4409 e−14

4.4409 e−14

6

Weierstrass Function

f6(x)

9.441375732422 e−03

9.441375732713

e−03

9.441375732812

e−03

9.441375733129

e−03

7

Griewanks Function

f7(x)

2.2204 e−16

4.6928 e−08

7.0573 e−07

4.2514 e−06

8

Rastrigin's Function

f8(x)

1.4970 e−86

1.3548 e−80

5.6960 e−05

0.001.2 e−03

9

Modified Schwefel's Function

f9(x)

0.0013

0.0073

0.0038

0.0083

10

Katsuura Function

f10(x)

1.4746 e−11

1.7937 e−10

4.4305 e−10

1.7377 e−10

11

HappyCat Function

f11(x)

3.5338 e−05

1.7126 e−04

0.9555

1.6875 e−08

12

HGBat Function

f12(x)

1.4610 e−06

2.7428 e−06

2.5256 e−03

8.2076 e−04

13

Expanded Griewanks plus Rosenbrocks Function

f13(x)

25.312

63.6412

4.5131

7.9816

14

Expanded Schaffer's Function

f14(x)

1.7 e−03

0.009.7 e−03

0.006.5 e−03

5.32 e−02

  1. Bold represent the best fitness Values