Table 1 Types of batteries [5]
Battery name | Parameters | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Efficiency | Self-discharge per day | Capital cost ($/KWh) | Life time (charging/discharging Cycles) | Energy density (Wh/kg) | Storage duration | Environmental impacts (water & soil) | |
Lead acid battery | 75–80 | 0.1–0.3% | 120–150 | 500 /700 | 30–50 | Long term | Dangerous |
Nickel cadmium | 85–90 | 0.2–0.6% | 800–1500 | 600 /800 | 50–75 | Long term | Dangerous |
Lithium-ion battery (Li- ion) | 85–90 | 0.1–0.3% | 300–1300 | 300 / 500 | 75–200 | Long term | Rather low |
Sodium sulphur battery (NaS) | 80–90 | 20% | 300–500 | 600 / 800 | 150–240 | Short term | Dangerous |