Table 3 Performance efficiency of the implemented IoT protocols
From: Converging IoT protocols for the data integration of automation systems in the electrical industry
IoT protocol | Performance efficiency (based on ISO/IEC 25010) | |
|---|---|---|
Time-behavior | Resource utilization | |
LoRaWAN | − (its packets take from 0.2 s to more than 1 s to achieve the server) | + (it implements a constrained device 20 KB RAM and lightweight server) |
MQTT | + (its lightweight packets require just a 2-byte header, achieving the fastest communication among the four implemented protocols) | + (the broker and end devices are implemented seamlessly on constrained and small IP-enabled devices and its Pub/Sub feature enables bidirectionality) |
OPC UA | + (it can deal with hard real-time communication and Time Sensitive Networks for critical infrastructure) | – (It requires modeling the network before implementing and requires a dedicated server to manage all the events in the network) |
HTTP REST | + (Even if it is not a too lightweight protocol, its packets, depending on the payload, are fast to achieve the server) | – (its endpoints require a dedicated server and their corresponding development for the available options -POST, PUT, GET, DELETE-, which makes this protocol a little complex to use, especially in small deployments) |