Journal of Electrical Systems and Information Technology

Table 2 Optimized PID/FOPID controller

From: Comparative performance analysis of hybrid differential evolution and pattern search technique for frequency control of the electric power system

Gains	AC link			Parallel AC-DC link
Gains	DE:PID	DE:FOPID	hDE-PS:FOPID	PID	FOPID	hDE-PS:FOPID
K_P1	− 0.3968	− 1.4056	− 1.5207	− 1.6106	− 1.9956	− 1.9353
K_P2	− 1.3719	0.6266	0.7151	− 1.6106	0.8880	0.5400
K_P3	− 1.0413	0.5321	0.5485	− 1.7589	− 1.5540	1.2598
K_I1	− 0.5039	− 1.5322	− 1.5974	− 1.1799	− 0.0381	− 1.9478
K_I2	− 0.6308	− 1.6221	− 1.6299	1.5177	− 1.8206	− 1.7133
K_I3	− 1.0121	− 1.6514	− 1.7125	− 0.6086	− 0.1188	− 1.0104
K_D1	− 0.9209	− 1.6221	− 1.5017	− 0.2533	− 1.8206	− 1.5401
K_D2	− 1.0952	− 1.1721	− 1.1193	− 1.4752	− 0.3613	− 0.0660
K_D3	− 1.8923	1.8160	1.7229	0.6136	0.4604	− 0.3920
λ₁	–	0.0145	0.0201	–	0.9227	0.3294
λ₂	–	0.9426	0.9456	–	0.7883	0.8545
λ₃	–	0.0299	0.0440	–	0.9693	0.4782
μ₁	–	0.9681	0.7557	–	0.1812	0.2327
μ₂	–	0.2841	0.3846	–	0.0367	0.0410
μ₃	–	0.5121	0.3166	–	0.0759	0.2442

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