Table 5 Inertia estimation techniques and their characteristics
Inertia estimation approach | Advantages | Disadvantage | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|
Online | It is a real-time inertia estimation approach Gives higher accuracy as real-time data are used Gives continuous as well as discrete inertia estimation Well suited for RE dominant power system | Requires large measurement data Takes a long time for computation Associated with large computation burden | [40] |
Offline | Requires lesser computation time Involves lesser data Has a lesser computation burden | Only discrete inertia estimation can be provided Not suited for RE dominant power system Can only estimate inertia after a large disturbance has occurred Inaccuracy of inertia estimation exist due to the presence of noise and distortion in the system It is not real-time-based | [13], |
Predictive | Can be used to predict futuristic frequency response Can be used to predict futuristic system inertia so as to take precautionary control measures if needed | Accuracy is still low because of the stochastic nature of the RE sources Technology is still being advanced Prediction is limited to short-term prediction | [10] |