Table 2 Percentage prediction errors for PSO-GM(1,1) and GM(1,1) for a monotonic decreasing data
From: Improvement of Grey System Model using Particle Swarm Optimization
PSO-GM(1,1) | GM(1,1) | |
|---|---|---|
0 | 11.553 | |
0.092 | 4.617 | |
– 0.251 | – 3.015 | |
0 | – 10.884 | |
0 | – 20.370 | |
0 | – 30.000 | |
MAPE | 0.057 | 13.407 |