Table 1 Percentage prediction errors for PSO-GM(1,1) and GM(1,1) for a monotonic increasing data
From: Improvement of Grey System Model using Particle Swarm Optimization
PSO-GM(1,1) | GM(1,1) | |
|---|---|---|
0.000 | 4.580 | |
– 0.007 | 11.544 | |
– 0.005 | 17.998 | |
– 0.008 | 23.981 | |
– 0.010 | 29.528 | |
– 0.013 | 34.670 | |
MAPE | 0.007 | 20.383 |