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Table 5 Voltage magnitude and angles at all buses for loading parameter 0.5 and 1.2

From: An efficient load flow solution for distribution system with addition of distributed generation using improved harmony search algorithms

Bus no

λ = 0.5

λ = 1.2 (NR method fails to converge)

NR and BW/FW method

IHS

BW/FW method

IHS

Voltage (p.u.)

Angle (°)

Voltage (p.u.)

Angle (°)

Voltage (p.u.)

Angle (°)

Voltage (p.u.)

Angle (°)

1

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

2

0.98855

− 0.78974

0.980149

− 0.85681

0.977262

− 1.3357

0.963086

− 1.57077

3

0.979338

− 1.94457

0.960684

− 2.28215

0.957389

− 3.44588

0.926629

− 4.3563

4

0.94121

− 3.57937

0.901333

− 3.76759

0.88209

− 6.42468

0.812994

− 7.6828

5

0.916892

− 4.06747

0.86878

− 3.93167

0.833587

− 7.32505

0.74778

− 8.29083

6

0.867944

− 5.75197

0.809265

− 4.78899

0.729157

− 10.7681

0.619441

− 11.0445

7

0.852145

− 6.41968

0.793237

− 5.12375

0.693436

− 12.3141

0.582296

− 12.2694

8

0.82366

− 7.18768

0.772607

− 5.40769

0.628049

− 14.1293

0.528089

− 13.3263

9

0.777105

− 8.43329

0.75324

− 5.84984

0.514917

− 17.7464

0.464901

− 15.032

10

0.746078

− 9.3293

0.7461

− 6.2227

0.436478

− 21.1374

0.436511

− 16.6963