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Table 2 Voltage magnitude and angles at all buses for loading parameter 0.5 and 1

From: An efficient load flow solution for distribution system with addition of distributed generation using improved harmony search algorithms

Bus no.

λ = 0.5

λ = 1 (NR method fails to converge)

NR and BW/FW method

IHS

BW/FW method

IHS

Voltage (p.u.)

Angle (°)

Voltage (p.u.)

Angle (°)

Voltage (p.u.)

Angle (°)

Voltage (p.u.)

Angle (°)

1

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

2

0.988207

− 0.81406

0.982343

− 0.86374

0.980966

− 1.18418

0.975082

− 1.28949

3

0.97871

− 2.01064

0.965682

− 2.24005

0.964776

− 3.01104

0.952839

− 3.36755

4

0.939225

− 3.71702

0.912916

− 3.81957

0.901417

− 5.61117

0.877246

− 6.06612

5

0.913865

− 4.23758

0.884249

− 4.11878

0.860521

− 6.41119

0.832885

− 6.71287

6

0.862084

− 6.03142

0.836185

− 5.3571

0.773552

− 9.34863

0.749184

− 9.01488

7

0.845068

− 6.75483

0.823158

− 5.85071

0.743988

− 10.6256

0.724111

− 9.93988

8

0.814016

− 7.60161

0.801054

− 6.43089

0.689626

− 12.1393

0.681141

− 10.8925

9

0.761801

− 9.0509

0.766397

− 7.40866

0.595288

− 15.0587

0.609781

− 12.5176

10

0.725008

− 10.1961

0.740121

− 8.24454

0.527498

− 17.7448

0.557307

− 14.0489